Spark-arrester



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet ,1.-

11.3. MAXWELL. SPARK ARRESTBB. No 491,367. Ptentedf'eb. 7', 1893.

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8 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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H. B. MAXWELL.

I SPARK ARRESTBR. No, 491,867. Patented Feb. 7, 1893.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 491,367, dated February'7, 1893.

Application filed October 11, 1892. Serial No. 448,552. (No model.)

To all whom it 'iimy concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY BAILEY MAX- WELL, of Stromsburg, in the countyof Folk and State of Nebraska, have invented a new and ImprovedSpark-Arrester, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

My invention relates to improvements in spark arresters such as areadapted for use on locomotives and other engines of similar type.

The object of my invention is to produce a spark arrester which, insteadof interfering with the d rat 1; of the engine as many spark arrestersdo, will increase the draft so that the engine will make steam rapidly,which is arranged so as to absolutely prevent any live sparks from beingthrown from the stack of the engine, which is provided with a convenientcarrier adapted to receive and carry the sparks and deliver them at anydesired point.

To these ends my invention consistsin certain features of constructionand combinations of the same, as will be hereinafter described andclaimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar figures of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal vertical section of the sparkarrester embodying my invention, showing it in position in the smoke boxof a locomotive; Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section through the smokebox on the line 2 2 in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a sectional plan on the line inFig. 1; and Fig. a is a broken cross section on the line 4-et in Fig. 3,looking toward the front end of the smoke box.

The boiler and smoke box has the usual arch or shell 10, and the boilerlines 12 deliver into the smoke box through the flue sheet 11 in theusual way. The smoke box 13 has also the usual smoke stack 1% openingfrom the top. Secured to the flue sheet and to the adjacent shell 10, isa forwardly extending flange 15 which encircles all the tines, and tothis is attached a forwardly extending shelllG which is graduallyreduced toward its front end and this shell is preferably made up ofthree pieces bolted together at the bottom, as shown at 17, and twopieces at the top, as shown at 18.

The shell 16 forms an exhaust chamber and its front end is sharplyreduced, as shown at 19 in Fig. 1, and this end terminates in ahorizontal, forwardly extending nozzle 20 which is held in a centralpartition or diaphragm 21 arranged transversely in the smoke box 13 andextending upward to the top of the exhaust nozzle, this diaphragm orpartition being secured to the shell 10 by means of suitable flanges 22,and the rivets extending through the flanges and shell. The extremefront end of the nozzle 20 is again reduced, as shown at 23, and withinthe reduced portions 20 and 23 is a longitudinally movable petticoatpipe 2% which has a flaring rear end 25 adapted to fit snugly in thenozzle 20 of the exhaust chamber, while the body portion of thepettiooat pipe fits the reducedend 23 of the nozzle. The petticoat pipeis slotted longitudinally, as shown at 26, and a screw 27 extendsthrough the slot and binds the petticoat pipe to the nozzle and, bymeans of the screw and slot, the petticoat pipe may be adjusted back andforth and fastened so as to give the necessary blast to regulate thedraft of the furnace.

The wall of the exhaust chamber 16 is held in place by means offastening bolts 28 which are arranged at nearly equidistant pointsaroundit, these bolts having their front ends secured to lugs 29 on the wallof the exhaust chamber and their rear ends formed into hooks 30 whichengage keepers 31 secured to the flange 15 and to the shell 10, as shownbestin Figs. 1 and 2. Beneath the exhaust chamber is the usual steam box32 which connects by means of steam pipes 33, which encircle the exhaustchamber, and a T-pipe 34; with the boiler dome, this arrangement beingsubstantiallyof the usual kind and being for the purpose of using highpressure steam to increase the draft when necessary.

Leading upward from the steam box 32 and extending through the bottomwall of the exhaust chamber, is an exhaust nozzle 35, which at its upperend is bent forward, as shown at 36, and this bent portion deliversstraight into the petticoat pipe 24. The steam box receives exhauststeam from the engine in the usual way and this bent nozzle enables thesteam to be sent forward directly through the reduced end of the exhaustchamber, so that a great suction and draft is produced, and conse- IOOquently the engine will make steam very easily and a comparatively smallamount of fuel is necessary.

The delivery end of the exhaust chamber nozzle is housed in by atransverse partition 37 which extendshorizontally across the smoke boxand is secured to the shell at its opposite edges, and dependingparallel plates 38 which are secured to the plate 37 near oppositeedges, and which hang down into the lower portion of the smoke box. Thenozzle delivers directly upon a doubly curved deflector 39 which isarranged vertically in front of it, this deflector having a centralvertical edge 40 at the middle which is preferably held in notches 41 atthe forward end of the reduced portion 23 of the nozzle 20, and the edgeof the deflector extends across the center of the nozzle. The deflectoris also provided with outwardly curved wings 42 which are bent forwardand then backward, and these wings receive the smoke and sparks from thenozzle 20 and throw them backward into the smoke box.

Beneath the deflector 39 is a carrier which receives the sparks, andthis carrier has a rectangular upper portion 43 which extends throughthe shell of the smoke box and has flanges 44 at the top which lie uponthe shell and are firmly riveted thereto. The lower portion 45 of thecarrier is of rectangular cross section and extends downward andforward, this portion of the carrier being reduced at its lower end andterminating in a cylindrical portion 46 which is cut away on the backside, as shown at 47. In the cylindrical portion of the carrier is asemi-cylindrical valve 48, having closed ends, and this valve is carriedby a shaft or stem 49 which is journaled in opposite sides of thecarrier, and the shaft terminates at one end in a crank 50 to which arod 51 is attached, and this rod may be extended back to the engine cabor to levers operated in the cab, and the valve may be controlled fromthis point.

The operation of the spark arrester is as follows: The steam, eitherdirect or exhaust, is delivered into the exhaust chamber through thenozzle 35 and the bent end 36 of the nozzle causes a strong current tobe thrown forward through the nozzle of the exhaust chamher, and thiscoupled with the shape of the exhaust chamber, creates a strong draftand all the products of combustion are carried forward and deliveredupon the deflector 39, the wings 42 of which reverse the current andthrowit back into the smoke box. The sparks and cinders strike againstthe diaphragm 21 and are prevented from rising by the top plate 37 andside plates 38 and drop finally into the carrier beneath, from whichthey may be dumped when necessary, while the more volatile products risein the front portion of the smoke box and between the back edge of thepartition 37 and diaphragm 21 and pass upward and outward through thestack 14.

The construction of the exhaust chamber and the arrangement of thenozzle 35 enables a strong draft to be easily produced, so that it isnot necessary to use an exhaust nozzle with as greatly reduced an end asthose usually employed, and consequently there is no back pressure onthe engine pistons and the engine works very easily, while from theforegoing description it will be seen that no sparks can possiblyescape.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent,

1. The combination with an engine having the usual flues and smoke box,of a reducing exhaust chamber arranged in the smoke box and having itswalls fastened to the flue sheet around the flues, a reducing nozzleproduced on the front end of the exhaust chamber, a housing to cover thetop and sides of the outlet of the chamber, a vertical diaphragmextending downward in the smoke box from the rear portion of thehousing, a curved deflector arranged in front of the chamber nozzle andadapted to throw back the product emitted by the nozzle, and an exhaustnozzle extending through the wall of the chamber and delivering into thenozzle of the chamber, substantially as described.

2. In asparkarrester, the combination with the exhaust chamber having areducing nozzle, and an exhaust nozzle held to deliver into the nozzleof thechamber, of a longitudinally adjustable pettieoat pipe held in thechamber nozzle, substantially as described.

3. In a spark arrester, the combination with the reducing exhaustchamber arranged to receive the products of combustion from the enginefines, of a housing arranged to cover the top and sides of the outlet ofthe chamber, a vertical diaphragm embracing the outlet of the chamberand extending across the smoke box of the engine, and a deflectorarranged opposite the outlet of the chamber, the deflector havingacentral edge extending across the outlet, and oppositely curved wingsadapted to throw the products of combustion back beneath the housing,substantially as described.

HARRY BAILEY MAXWELL.

\Vitnesses:

CHAs. O. ELROE, BENJAMIN F. EOKLES.

